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回复:呃……我的比特币去哪儿了? ​

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耗时很长的与其说是下载,不如说是下载过程中验证所有区块里的全部签名。

首次下载区块通常要花多长时间?进行到一半时会变慢,还是全程速度大致相同?

我考虑过一些方法,对链的大部分只做较粗略的检查,直到最后几千个区块。这样做是可行的,但工作量很大,而且还有许多优先级更高的事情要做。

简化支付验证面向只使用轻量级客户端的用户,他们只进行交易,不生成新币,也不参与节点网络。他们不需要下载区块,只需要下载哈希链;目前它大约有 2MB,验证起来非常快(验证整条链不到一秒)。如果网络变得非常庞大,比如超过 100,000 个节点,我们就会用这种方式让普通用户无需成为功能完备的节点也能进行交易。到了那个阶段,大多数用户应该开始运行纯客户端软件,只有专业服务器群继续运行完整网络节点,有点像 Usenet 网络逐渐集中化的方式。

SPV 尚未实现,而且要到遥远的将来才会实现,但目前的整个实现都是围绕支持它而设计的。

与此同时,vekja.net 和 www.mybitcoin.com 等网站一直在试验基于账户的网站。你在网站上创建账户,把比特币存在那里的账户中,并转入转出。对大多数人来说,在网站上创建账户比安装并学习使用软件容易得多,也是更熟悉的做法。唯一的缺点是你必须信任该网站,但对于用来进行小额支付和杂项开支的零花钱金额,这没什么问题。这是一种容易上手的方式;如果以后金额变大,你可以升级到真正的比特币软件。

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It's not the download so much as verifying all the signatures in all the blocks as it downloads that takes a long time.

How long is the initial block download typically taking? Does it slow down half way through or is about the same speed the whole way?

I've thought about ways to do a more cursory check of most of the chain up to the last few thousand blocks. It is possible, but it's a lot of work, and there are a lot of other higher priority things to work on.

Simplified Payment Verification is for lightweight client-only users who only do transactions and don't generate and don't participate in the node network. They wouldn't need to download blocks, just the hash chain, which is currently about 2MB and very quick to verify (less than a second to verify the whole chain). If the network becomes very large, like over 100,000 nodes, this is what we'll use to allow common users to do transactions without being full blown nodes. At that stage, most users should start running client-only software and only the specialist server farms keep running full network nodes, kind of like how the usenet network has consolidated.

SPV is not implemented yet, and won't be implemented until far in the future, but all the current implementation is designed around supporting it.

In the meantime, sites like vekja.net and www.mybitcoin.com have been experimenting with account-based sites. You create an account on a website and hold your bitcoins on account there and transfer in and out. Creating an account on a website is a lot easier than installing and learning to use software, and a more familiar way of doing it for most people. The only disadvantage is that you have to trust the site, but that's fine for pocket change amounts for micropayments and misc expenses. It's an easy way to get started and if you get larger amounts then you can upgrade to the actual bitcoin software.

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