[p2p-research] 比特币 P2P 电子货币 v0.1 发布
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现宣布发布比特币，这是一种新的开源点对点电子现金系统，它完全去中心化，没有中央服务器或可信方。用户自己持有资金的密码学密钥，并直接相互交易，同时由 P2P 网络协助检查双重支付。
Windows NT/2000/XP/Vista。随附开源 C++ 代码。
- 将文件解压到一个目录中
- 运行 BITCOIN.EXE
- 它会自动连接到其他节点
如果你能持续运行一个接受传入连接的节点，就会给网络带来很大帮助。你的防火墙需要开放端口 8333，才能接收传入连接。
你可以让别人给你发送一些币来获得币，也可以打开 Options->Generate Coins 来运行节点并生成区块。我把初始的工作量证明难度设得低得离谱，所以在刚开始的一小段时间里，一台普通 PC 只需几小时就能生成币。当竞争促使自动调整机制提高难度后，生成币就会困难得多。生成的币必须等待 120 个区块成熟后才能花费。
发送资金有两种方式。如果收款人在线，你可以输入对方的 IP 地址，程序会建立连接、获取一个新公钥，并发送带有附言的交易。如果收款人不在线，也可以发送到对方的比特币地址，也就是对方提供给你的公钥哈希。对方下次连接并获取包含该交易的区块时，就会收到这笔交易。这种方式的缺点是不会发送附言信息，而且如果同一地址被多次使用，可能会损失一些隐私；但如果双方用户无法同时在线，或收款人无法接收传入连接，它就是一种有用的替代方式。
总流通量将为 21,000,000 个币。网络节点生成区块时，这些币会分配给它们，分配数量每 4 年减半。
前 4 年：10,500,000 个币 接下来 4 年：5,250,000 个币 接下来 4 年：2,625,000 个币 接下来 4 年：1,312,500 个币 等等……
当这些币全部发完后，如有需要，系统可以支持交易费。它以公开市场竞争为基础，而且很可能始终会有愿意免费处理交易的节点。
Satoshi Nakamoto
英文原文
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Announcing the release of Bitcoin, a new open source peer-to-peer electronic cash system that's completely decentralized, with no central server or trusted parties. Users hold the crypto keys to their own money and transact directly with each other, with the help of the P2P network to check for double-spending.
Windows NT/2000/XP/Vista. Open source C++ code is included.
Download: http://www.bitcoin.org
- Unpack the files into a directory
- Run BITCOIN.EXE
- It automatically connects to other nodes
If you can keep a node running that accepts incoming connections, you'll really be helping the network a lot. Port 8333 on your firewall needs to be open to receive incoming connections.
You can get coins by getting someone to send you some, or turn on Options->Generate Coins to run a node and generate blocks. I made the proof-of-work difficulty ridiculously easy to start with, so for a little while in the beginning a typical PC will be able to generate coins in just a few hours. It'll get a lot harder when competition makes the automatic adjustment drive up the difficulty. Generated coins must wait 120 blocks to mature before they can be spent.
There are two ways to send money. If the recipient is online, you can enter their IP address and it will connect, get a new public key and send the transaction with comments. If the recipient is not online, it is possible to send to their Bitcoin address, which is a hash of their public key that they give you. They'll receive the transaction the next time they connect and get the block it's in. This method has the disadvantage that no comment information is sent, and a bit of privacy may be lost if the address is used multiple times, but it is a useful alternative if both users can't be online at the same time or the recipient can't receive incoming connections.
Total circulation will be 21,000,000 coins. It'll be distributed to network nodes when they make blocks, with the amount cut in half every 4 years.
first 4 years: 10,500,000 coins next 4 years: 5,250,000 coins next 4 years: 2,625,000 coins next 4 years: 1,312,500 coins etc...
When that runs out, the system can support transaction fees if needed. It's based on open market competition, and there will probably always be nodes willing to process transactions for free.
Satoshi Nakamoto